Newton Cooling & Convection API

Newton's law of cooling and convective heat transfer as an API, computed locally and deterministically. The convection endpoint applies the convective-heat-transfer rate Q = h·A·ΔT — the heat carried away from a surface equals the convection coefficient times the area times the temperature difference between the surface and the fluid — and solves for whichever of the heat rate, the coefficient, the area or the temperature difference you leave out, with typical coefficients for natural and forced air, water, boiling and condensing built in. The cooling endpoint applies Newton's law of cooling, T(t) = T_env + (T0 − T_env)·e^(−k·t): from an initial temperature, the ambient temperature and a cooling constant (or time constant τ = 1/k) it gives the temperature after a time, or the time to reach a target temperature, or it solves the cooling constant from a measured temperature at a known time — the maths behind how a hot drink, a forensic body or a cooling casting approaches room temperature. The coefficient endpoint links the cooling constant to the physical properties, k = h·A/(m·c), and the thermal time constant. Everything is computed locally and deterministically, so it is instant and private. Ideal for thermal-engineering and HVAC tools, food-safety and forensic cooling apps, electronics-cooling and process-control software, and physics education. Pure local computation — no key, no third-party service, instant. Live, nothing stored. 3 endpoints. This is convection and transient cooling; for steady conduction through walls use a U-value API and for thermal radiation use a Stefan-Boltzmann API.