#power-supply

Zener-diode voltage-regulator electronics maths as an API, computed locally and deterministically. The series-resistor endpoint sizes the series (dropping) resistor for a shunt Zener regulator, Rs = (Vin − Vz)/(Iz + Il), from the input voltage, the Zener voltage, the load current and the desired Zener (knee) current, and gives the power the resistor and the Zener must dissipate — the core design step so the diode stays in regulation at maximum load. The regulator endpoint analyses an existing regulator: from the input voltage, the Zener voltage, the series resistor and the load (as a current or a resistance) it computes the total current, the Zener current Iz = (Vin − Vz)/Rs − Il, the load current, the output voltage and whether the regulator is still regulating (Iz > 0) or has dropped out under heavy load. The power endpoint computes the Zener power dissipation P = Vz·Iz and the maximum safe current Iz_max = Pz_max/Vz from the diode's power rating. Voltages are in volts, currents in amperes, resistances in ohms and power in watts. Everything is computed locally and deterministically, so it is instant and private. Ideal for electronics, power-supply, hobbyist and embedded app developers, regulator-design and reference-voltage tools, and electronics education. Pure local computation — no key, no third-party service, instant. Live, nothing stored. 3 endpoints. This is the Zener shunt regulator; for BJT biasing use a transistor API and for an LED series resistor an LED-resistor API.

api.oanor.com/zener-api

Rectifier ripple and smoothing-capacitor maths as an API, computed locally and deterministically. The ripple endpoint computes the peak-to-peak ripple voltage left on a reservoir (smoothing) capacitor after a rectifier, Vr = I_load/(f_ripple·C), where the ripple frequency is the line frequency for a half-wave rectifier and twice it for a full-wave or bridge rectifier — and it solves for whichever of the load current, the capacitance or the ripple you leave out, also giving the RMS ripple. The capacitor endpoint sizes the smoothing capacitor for a target ripple, C = I_load/(f_ripple·Vr), and the energy it stores. The output endpoint gives the DC output of the rectifier from the transformer RMS voltage: the peak Vrms·√2, minus the diode drops in the conduction path (one for half-wave and centre-tapped, two for a bridge), the average DC voltage and, given the ripple, the ripple factor. Everything is computed locally and deterministically, so it is instant and private. Ideal for power-supply and electronics-design tools, linear PSU, charger and audio-amplifier design, and electronics education. Pure local computation — no key, no third-party service, instant. Live, nothing stored. 3 endpoints. This is rectifier ripple and filtering; for Ohm's law, reactance and RC time constants use an Ohm's-law API.

api.oanor.com/rectifier-api